Understanding Different Types of Eczema

If you want to understand more about the different types of eczema, you’ll first need to know what it is. You likely have a few questions about eczema, including “What are the root causes of the condition?” “How can this be diagnosed?” and “How long does it last?” At DCSI, we are a skilled dermatology practice with a Delray Beach dermatologist office and a Wellington dermatology practice. Whether you are in Broward County or West Palm Beach, our offices are easy to access. Continue reading below to learn more from DCSI about exactly what eczema is, its common causes, and different treatment methods.

What Is Eczema?

Eczema, or atopic dermatitis, is a chronic iInflammatory skin condition characterized by itchy, sometimes red, and dry patches. These symptoms result from genetic and environmental factors that cause the skin's barrier to function poorly, making it more susceptible to irritants and allergens. Different types of eczema can affect individuals of all ages but is most common in children. The term "eczema" comes from the Greek word "ekzein," meaning "to boil out," which reflects the blistering and oozing appearance often seen in acute stages of the condition.

Root Causes of Eczema

Eczema is primarily caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Genetics play a significant role, with a family history of eczema, allergies, or asthma increasing the likelihood of developing the condition. An overactive immune system can also contribute, leading to inflammation and eczema symptoms. Environmental factors, such as allergens, irritants, extreme temperatures, and humidity levels, can trigger flare-ups. Additionally, defects in the skin barrier can result in dryness and increased sensitivity, making the skin more susceptible to irritation and inflammation.

Diagnosis of Eczema

Primarily, eczema is diagnosed through clinical examination by a healthcare professional. The diagnosis involves assessing the patient's medical history, family history of allergies or asthma, and a thorough skin examination. Key indicators include itchy, red, and inflamed patches, often located on the hands, feet, face, and behind the knees. Sometimes, a skin biopsy may be performed to rule out other dermatology conditions. Allergy testing can also help identify specific triggers that exacerbate the condition. Effective management and treatment are essential to control symptoms and improve the quality of life for those affected by eczema.

Duration of Eczema

Eczema is a chronic condition that lasts for years and can have periods of flare-ups and remission. Some children outgrow eczema, while others may experience symptoms into adulthood. Proper management and treatment can help control the condition and reduce flare-ups.

Types of Eczema

When you hear the word eczema, you might not realize there are different types of this condition. This is because there are many different causes of this skin condition, plus various items and situations can trigger it. Types of eczema include:

Atopic Dermatitis (Eczema)

A chronic condition characterized by dry, itchy, and inflamed skin. Often associated with a family history of allergies or asthma. Causes: Genetics, immune system dysfunction. Triggers: Allergens, irritants, stress, temperature changes.

Irritant Contact Dermatitis

Occurs when the skin reacts to direct contact with a non-immune-modulated irritant, leading to redness, itching, and inflammation. Causes: Caused by exposure to substances like chemicals, soaps, or detergents. Triggers: Jewelry, cosmetics, plants like poison ivy or oak, topical medications.

Allergic Contact Dermatitis

Similar to contact dermatitis is allergic contact dermatitis. Though similar, this type is caused by an allergic reaction. Causes: Immune reaction to allergens like poison ivy, nickel, and fragrances. Triggers: Triggered by an allergic reaction to substances like poison ivy, nickel, or cosmetics.

Seborrheic Dermatitis

Affects areas with high oil production, such as the scalp, face, and chest. Causes flaky, greasy scales and redness, commonly known as dandruff or cradle cap in infants. Causes: Overgrowth of yeast (Malassezia), genetic predisposition. Triggers: Stress, hormonal changes, cold, dry weather.

Dyshidrotic Eczema/Bullous Eczema

Characterized by small, itchy blisters on the edges of fingers, toes, palms, and soles. It is often triggered by stress, allergies, and moist hands or feet. Causes: Unclear, possibly linked to allergies or stress. Triggers: Moist hands/feet, nickel, stress, seasonal allergies.

Nummular Eczema

Presents itself as round, coin-shaped spots on the skin that are itchy and well-defined. It is typically triggered by dry skin, insect bites, or injuries. Causes: Dry skin, environmental factors. Triggers: Dry weather, insect bites, skin injuries.

Neurodermatitis

Starts with an itchy patch of skin that becomes intensely scratched, leading to thick, leathery patches. It is often associated with stress or chronic skin conditions like atopic dermatitis. Causes: Chronic scratching or rubbing of the skin. Triggers: Stress, anxiety, existing skin conditions

Stasis Dermatitis

Occurs in the lower legs due to poor circulation, leading to swelling, redness, scaling, and sometimes open sores. It is common in people with varicose veins or other circulatory problems. Causes: Poor circulation, typically in the lower legs. Triggers: Varicose veins, prolonged standing or sitting.

Hand Eczema

Affects the hands and can be caused by frequent exposure to water, chemicals, or allergens. It results in dry, cracked, and irritated skin that should be treated with hand lotions and possibly a prescription product.. Causes: Frequent exposure to water or chemicals. Triggers: Soaps, detergents, latex gloves, frequent handwashing.

Treating Eczema

Each type of eczema has specific triggers and treatments. By differentiating these subtypes, it becomes easier to identify specific triggers and implement appropriate treatment and prevention strategies. Some proven treatment methods include: Topical Steroids Steroids applied to the skin are effective in reducing inflammation and itching across various types of eczema. Moisturizers Whether you suffer from eczema or not, everyone’s skin needs moisture. It is essential for maintaining skin hydration and barrier function. Antihistamines Antihistamines, such as Benadryl and Allegra, are useful for controlling itching, particularly in atopic dermatitis. Avoiding Triggers Identifying and avoiding allergens and irritants is crucial for managing contact dermatitis. Phototherapy UV light treatments, or phototherapy, can be beneficial for severe or chronic cases, including atopic dermatitis and dyshidrotic eczema.

Alternative Eczema Treatments

You may have heard of other regimens for treating eczema. If you are looking for information on alternative treatment methods, there are many you can find. Unfortunately, finding them on the Internet doesn’t automatically mean that these treatments will work. From coconut oil to aloe vera to probiotics, different people have tried different ways of treating their skin. Though some of these might work, discussing with your dermatologist is advised before starting any eczema treatment on your own. Here, we’ve listed some common questions and answers about some of the more popular homeopathic remedies:

Antibacterial creams

Are antibacterial creams good for treating eczema? Antibacterial creams are not typically recommended for treating eczema unless there is a secondary bacterial infection present. While they can help prevent or treat infections, their use can also be irritating to the already sensitive skin of eczema patients. It is crucial to use antibacterial creams only when prescribed by a healthcare professional.

Baby eczema cream

Is baby eczema cream good for treating eczema? Yes, baby eczema creams are often formulated to be gentle and moisturizing, making them suitable for managing eczema in both infants and adults. These creams are designed to hydrate the skin and restore the skin barrier, which is essential for controlling eczema symptoms.

Bananas

Bananas are often touted as a home remedy for soothing skin due to their anti-inflammatory properties. But are bananas good for treating eczema? Applying a banana peel or mashed banana to the skin may relieve eczema symptoms. However, scientific evidence supporting this practice is limited. It's best to consult a dermatologist for proven treatment options.

Bentonite clay

Many wonder, “Is bentonite clay good for treating eczema?” The answer? Possibly. Bentonite clay has limited evidence supporting its effectiveness for eczema. While it may help detoxify the skin and reduce inflammation in some cases, it can be too drying for others. Its use should be approached cautiously, and individuals should consult with a dermatologist before incorporating it into their treatment routine.

Oatmeal

What about other natural foods like oatmeal? Is oatmeal good for treating eczema? Oatmeal, particularly colloidal oatmeal, is beneficial for treating eczema. It has soothing and anti-inflammatory properties that can help relieve itching and irritation. Oatmeal baths and creams can be an effective part of an eczema treatment regimen, providing comfort and moisture to the skin.

Manuka honey

Just as eczema comes in many forms, so does honey. A honey that has recently gained more popularity is manuka honey, as it sometimes helps people who suffer from eczema. Manuka honey, which is native to Australia and New Zealand, originates from the manuka bush. This honey contains methylglyoxal (MGO), giving it more antibacterial properties than regular honey. Additionally, it has healing properties that help promote tissue repair. Manuka honey can be used on the skin as a spot treatment, a cleanser, or a bath soak to help soothe eczema.

Help for Eczema

Dr. Mounir M. Wassef and the team at DCSI are here to help! With a comprehensive range of dermatological services in South Florida, encompassing everything from your hair to your skin to your nails. No matter the size of your concern, DCSI is ready to be your partner in all things skin health. Don’t wait. Contact us online today. What if you want to learn more? Explore our dermatologist blog where you will find valuable tips on maintaining healthy skin, insights on Mohs surgery, and articles about various other issues we can help you with. You can also read articles providing insight into Should You Exfoliate Eczema?, Beauty Tips for Aging, and much more.